{"id":5935,"date":"2023-10-02T15:14:30","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T20:14:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ami.advancedrenaleducation.com\/wparep\/?post_type=article&#038;p=5935"},"modified":"2025-05-09T11:49:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T16:49:24","slug":"que-es-dialisis-sp","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/ami.advancedrenaleducation.com\/wparep\/article\/que-es-dialisis-sp\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Di\u00e1lisis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La\u00a0di\u00e1lisis es una terapia que remueve el agua y las toxinas del cuerpo.\u00a0La di\u00e1lisis se aplica t\u00edpicamente en pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda o cr\u00f3nica.\u00a0Las principales formas de di\u00e1lisis son<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hemodi\u00e1lisis: eliminaci\u00f3n de l\u00edquidos y toxinas de la sangre por difusi\u00f3n y convecci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de una membrana semipermeable al bombear la sangre del paciente a trav\u00e9s de un filtro externo.<\/li>\n<li>Di\u00e1lisis peritoneal: eliminaci\u00f3n de l\u00edquidos y toxinas por difusi\u00f3n y convecci\u00f3n instilando y extrayendo l\u00edquido en la cavidad peritoneal a trav\u00e9s de un cat\u00e9ter abdominal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La\u00a0difusi\u00f3n se define como el movimiento de un soluto desde un \u00e1rea de alta concentraci\u00f3n a un \u00e1rea de menor concentraci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de una membrana semipermeable.\u00a0El movimiento contin\u00faa hasta que se alcanza el equilibrio.\u00a0El proceso fue descrito por primera vez por Thomas Graham en 1861.\u00a0Este proceso se ha utilizado ingeniosamente en el tratamiento de pacientes ur\u00e9micos mediante la utilizaci\u00f3n de una membrana artificial (hemodi\u00e1lisis) o una membrana biol\u00f3gica (di\u00e1lisis peritoneal).\u00a0En el transporte convectivo,\u00a0el solvente (es decir, agua) transporta solutos disueltos a\u00a0trav\u00e9s de la membrana a trav\u00e9s de todos los poros excepto los canales de agua (acuaporinas).<\/p>\n<p>El procedimiento de hemodi\u00e1lisis utiliza una membrana artificial, extracorp\u00f3rea y semipermeable para separar un flujo de sangre del flujo de l\u00edquido de di\u00e1lisis o dializado (1).\u00a0Los solutos no deseados que est\u00e1n presentes en la sangre ur\u00e9mica en altas concentraciones se mueven a trav\u00e9s de la membrana por su gradiente de concentraci\u00f3n hacia el dializado y se eliminan en el dializado utilizado.\u00a0Las mol\u00e9culas grandes, como la mayor\u00eda de las prote\u00ednas sangu\u00edneas\u00a0y los componentes sangu\u00edneos formados, se retienen en la circulaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>La di\u00e1lisis peritoneal es una terapia mediante la cual el exceso de l\u00edquido y los subproductos metab\u00f3licos se eliminan del cuerpo instilando y eliminando la soluci\u00f3n de di\u00e1lisis en la cavidad peritoneal utilizando un cat\u00e9ter peritoneal (2). En la DP, la eliminaci\u00f3n de l\u00edquidos se logra mediante \u00f3smosis y la eliminaci\u00f3n de solutos (aclaramiento) mediante difusi\u00f3n y convecci\u00f3n. Se encuentran disponibles varias t\u00e9cnicas y modalidades de di\u00e1lisis peritoneal.<\/p>\n<p>En hemodi\u00e1lisis, la membrana artificial est\u00e1 bien caracterizada y se puede controlar tanto el flujo sangu\u00edneo como el de dializado.\u00a0Por el contrario, las\u00a0caracter\u00edsticas\u00a0funcionales de la membrana peritoneal\u00a0var\u00edan entre los individuos y con el tiempo, y el flujo sangu\u00edneo peritoneal no se puede medir en la pr\u00e1ctica.<\/p>\n<div class=\"vcex-spacing\" style=\"height:30px\"><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-divider vcex-divider-solid\" style=\"width:100%;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;border-top-width:1px;border-color:#dddddd;\"><\/div>\n<h4><strong>Referencias<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Scneditz D. Technological aspects of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In: Clinical Dialysis, Nissesson AR, Fine RN Eds, 4<sup>th<\/sup> edn, 2005, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 47-83.<\/li>\n<li>Blake PG, Daugirdas JT. Physiology of peritoneal dialysis. In: Handbook of dialysis. Daugirdas JT, Blake PG, Ing TS, Eds, 4<sup>th<\/sup> edn, 2007, Philadelphia, pp 323-338.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>P\/N 101798-01S Rev\u00a0B\u00a002\/2021<\/p>\n<div class=\"vcex-spacing\" style=\"height:30px\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[274],"tags":[227],"language":[42],"articles":[231],"class_list":["post-5935","article","type-article","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articulos","tag-what-sp","language-spanish","articles-erc-ert","entry","no-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Di\u00e1lisis? - Advanced Renal Education Program<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ami.advancedrenaleducation.com\/wparep\/article\/que-es-dialisis-sp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Di\u00e1lisis? 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